Pneumatic jack



Sept. 7, 1943.

R. H. FARQUHAR PNEUMATI C JACK Filed Jan. 24, 1941 fjill cross-section sofas lto apply the r ce of the tire expansionmpon a ca-12 distribpted between the "tire'uandw jack while ltire'inlflatiom l *f-the fcrm'fo'f a ts'pecialntire lhQVingitiI'BLfCIQSS w section co nparable to that of the tires. f the urpos'es finjthes hape" of antabnormahtire havl terjat the hub portion ofitheitirezand toyuloanize thetire in "collapsedmos'ition whereby with eally, improving the facility; ofistorage;

deflatioii' tli" tire jack twill collapse; automati- A'E further "purpose; is tot' pmvitie ,a griel inatic meansriorrppeningl theial s ec w hat n t nri Mela a hetire maybenqb iqedb tween theti e andthe "whereby after figme qtpos'efis toproyidqa Jack inthe 1 ula jtire having bas e and ca ljand it a-irund er pressure to expand the iuifthejfpurpcse is to {provide a a pneumatic =11; .by-air""from caktire or prohibitively requci-ngfthe pressurieoftthe tire 1 r g enough pressure in the itirettot makekit pp siple to drivethe car toapointpf"nepairtoftor furtheipurposegfiseto constriicta mar jack in ur-th'er purpos 1: is to aforni a tire Tip-r" jack a the i tk has er smmmv it i mtt ei th 389 e V may be'bpened by mechanic al pi'essizre pon-f-the i i rf itliine x s ia tk nafirptspirq; s

; am w t-1 a supplyl-of air undr pressure with which to ineptipni'elates to-pneumatic jacks and r 1 fiate wholl'y'oi' bafti'a lly another tire or pneumatic MATIj eAea-t ma tiea h ralan iiee tea .i tion mum 24, 194-1 s eri 1 nfq is lsmz "Jacki r My imlentiori relatesl to the Inethoels scrip rocesses involvefl and to mechanismwhereby the inethod s o'r processes may be'practiced.

f l haife prefe'rfed'to illustrate my invention-by one main formfpnly, selecting a form which is practical; effective; 'reliable and, inexpensive and which at th'e same timelwellillnstrates th -prim] Fig'flrfi is a dot-and-dashmiew of anauto;

and- 'spare *tire With a full'pline illustray tioh'f of afpneumaticjack and/hose connection wor ing-me.

Figure 3 1 between the valve ofithe tire 'andii-the pneumatic the jack having an included tire rim. Fig-iii'e TZ -is a. side elevation of a jack in the "forinoffla special ii-inelix'natic tir along with' iragiii'ehta'i'y ilh is'tr'atibn of a hose connection by the jack may Jbe .filled from a spar pr j Figure 2 -in collapsed position, the jack in this Pf Figure 15 an "j ack off-tir foi'inwith a fragmentary showing "of a hose connection as used with thefjack; The

ase netincluding any metal rim.

end "elevation of a pneurn'atic cai-flifted and als nall averageitirefficircum fi ence, the whole capablegof ,collapse into :iack

new

e 5-is an end elevation similar toFigureS of the jack in tire form shown in collapsed posil r ahoseconflectibnibtween-them, showing means joy whiclig theair in the;tWo tires is, dijrigied and igi i'e GiSasectiOn of-a tire such as that seen inflFigiireitaken uponlihe 6-1-6 in Figure 4.

- F'i'giii'eflis asection of the structure seenin Figure 6 taken upon line 1-4."

p .-Figure 8 i s al' fragmentary longitudinal section thfou'gh a connecting hose :and valve-opening "teiinirial such as is snitable for connection with i P the val'ye of'an iexistingxtire or withla, pneumatic jackjhavihgal pressure-valvedterminal. a

' iguire S is aside elevation of twolti-r es with distnbiited between the two.

ln ithe'drawing similar numerals indicate like ne'rebiilthe j'aii" in At f;utther purpo setis to Jasethe air under ptes The, automobile is shoygn in pcs t-vide foi nemoyal r, replagegn: t

The aptomobile shown in dot-ahd-tiashis-inonthe market today."

.a'sicleielevationof theti r e jack of tire or wheel. The pneumatic jack [6 lifts and supports the car, pressing against any suitable part of the car body or associated mechanism,

such as any part of the body of the car, the axle or the bumper.

In Figures 1, 2, l. 6 and 7 the pneumatic jack is shown in fully extended position to exert its maximum range of car lifting effort.

Figures 6, 7 and 8 are drawn to enlarged scale and Figure 9 i reduced in scale. l

The jack itself is in the form of a tire. In order to reduce bulk, weight and expense it is preferably of single tube type, comprising a layer or' layers ll of air-confining preferably rubber tube interspersed with or surrounded by a layer or layers l8 of'fabric or cord whose purpose is to restrain the extension of the tube and to limit the tube in its distended form to general the shape at i9, though of a special type of tire in a number of particulars; A tire rim 2!! is shown in most of the ,fiellres and is highly desirable since it supports the tire in reaching fulLsyrnmetrical ultimate extension. ;Without,; the rim the space within the tire will not be maintained. The tirewill flatten more than when the rim is present but on the other hand the jackwill be I collapsed about the centralobeningZB even when I the jack is deflated and will collapse to an oval even when the tubulanm'embercof the jack is fully expanded. The cross-section of thetubeof the tire type jack is of excessive}; diameter, as

compared with the rim or rim space diameter. I

- Because thetire-type jack is not intended ior road travel nor for any other use which subjects it to wear or shock, the tire can be almost wholly devoid of the normal" wear'receiving ;.-tread or other special surface. The illustration are intended to show the tire-type jack in aver-y simple form, largely diagrammatic and without attempt accurately to show the detail of the building up of thetire, for eXarnple,-whereby the airis retained and the ultimate tire distension is controlled. In manufacture whatever number of layers there may bewill-not be so sharply distinct and separate .as is .the illustration and a band rodor ring 2! of one or moreturns, including permissibly wire or cord -may be used to limit the extension of the inner diameter of the doughnut-like tube comprising. the effective jack.

Diagrammatically also, the :connection for inflation of the tire-type jack is shown by connection 22 of a'hose 23 .with the'interior rubber ,tube so asto permit inflation;;through thishose 23. p t

Applicant prefers to vuloanize the tire-type iackwit-h a little air in it and in collapsed conditio'n such asis roughiy indicated forthe rimless form inFigures 3 and 5, in order that there may be a tendency of the tire to collapse without necessity for forcing the air;.out wholly by weight or by separate pressure when the tire-type jack 7 has been removed after partial deflation;

The construction in Figures v3 and 5 would look nearly the same even if rims were'included as the tires would collapse about the ends of the rimsl In order that the pressure against the ground as a resting place and against the car may be distributed over a considerable area of.-the tiretype' jack, a base '24 and a cap 25 are shown, concave at 26 and 2? to fit the contours of. the

inflatable tire of the' jack. They may be secured to the jack permanently as by cement. To prevent lateral sliding movement of the cap, re-

taining projections 28 and29 are used.

However, as alternative to this, or as additional to this, elastic straps 30 and 3| are shown which are attached in any suitable manner to the cap and base and normally hold the cap and base close enough together for deflation to be assisted by the pull of the straps tending to force the cap and base together, to the position of the parts seen in Figures 3 and 5. .7

The hose 23 terminates at, 32 in a valved fitting 33 far enough distant from the jack to permit easy access to it when the jack is used in normal position beneath the car. The valved fitting of the hose presents the same character of threaded inlet" (or outlet) nipple for connection that is used in a tire, so that the end of hose 23 and a regular tire valve may be treated alike in the way in whichconnections are made to the nipple 34 of either. I

The rim space or tire space 20 within the jack can be very small-:two orthree inches; for

'example-even when the cross-section. .of. the.

tire-like jack (the air space) when inflated is 6 or 7 inches.

In Figure, 8-the connecting hose .35 is. shown conveying air from a spare'or working tirelto a jack. The hose connection shown may be that either to the valvedterminal at the end ofthe' hose 23 Or-the valve. of a tire, theterminalof hose 23 and the nipple for connection toa tire being the same. The connectingv hose carries two connecting fittings 36, one ateach end, connected to the hose by ,a binding ring and having a coupling at-3l whose swivel nut fits upon the nipple 34in either event. 7

The fitting 36 is, bored at one side or endat 38 to receive a pin or plunger 39, spring-pressed at it, to bring a limiting collar M against a-iaCe 42 of the fitting. The lower end 43 of thepin or plunger M may bepressed inwardly by hand operation of the head AB and will thenengage the upper end 46 Of'the valve stem '4'L ,As a result either valve 'may be opened by pressure which is low by dividing the air andpressure between another tire or, tires and the tire having low pressure; Either tire '50 or 5| is assumed to be at full pressure or at any rate at a pressure high enough to be able to spare-some of its air supply from tire 50 for a tire 5| which is at low pressure. The valves of the two tires areconnected through the hose and a plunger at tire 50 is pressed to permit flowof air outiof the 50. Because the'air is coming totire 51' in this Figure 9 the valve of tire 'BI permits' filling of the tire in normal course as'from a tirepump. The fitting at tire 5i is'not used other than as a passageway for the air from the body of the connecting hose. into tire 5|, the tire which is to be filled. The fitting attire 5| is Well suited to such use, but for this use could be any kind of a hose terminal capable of being connected with the nipple of tire 5i. 'In other words, in this case the plunger of the fitting at tire ill need not be used but is not objectionable in its presence and makes it possible ijor either endoi the hose to be connected with the tire from which air is being taken without trouble'to make surethat the end having a plunger for valve opening is secured to tire 50.

It will be evident that the ring or rings to which I have referred as limiting the stretch of the parts of the doughnut away from each other need not be located at the center as any construction serving their purpose would be helpful, the question of proper placing of the limiting ring or 7 rings being primarily one of tire design or construction after the use intended has been pointed out. v

I The cap and base afford firm engagingsurfa'ces for the tire andhave been illustrated as prefierably concaved to fit the contour of the inflated jack. This is the better form but partial results wouldbe attained even if this concaving were omitted.

When reference has been made to the outer layer shown in the cross-section of-the tire-like jac'k member as fabric it will be understood of course that any material will serve this purpose which is sufficiently thin, flexible and resistant to tension to serve. There is no intention to confine the material to What may technically be known as fabric.

In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications to meet individual whim j or particular, need will doubtless become evident to'others skilled in the art, to obtain all or part of the benefits of my invention without copying spirit and scope of my claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A pneumatic jack of doughnut form having a tubular flexible tire-like construction, the jack in use having the axis of the tire horizontal and operating byreason of the expansion of the tire radially of the doughnut, exerting a vertical lifting pressure, the diameter of the tire-like tube being larger than the diameter of the space between opposite inside parts of the tube, a rim Within, the doughnut, and a valve inlet for the tube. r

2. A pneumatic jack of general doughnutshape having a flexible tire-like annulus of tubular section, the jack in use having the axis of the tire horizontal and operating by reason of the expansion of the tire radially of the doughnut, exerting a vertical lifting pressure, the diameter of the cross section of the tire-like annulus being greater the structure shown, and I, therefore, claim all such in so far as they fall within the reasonable than the diameter of the space surrounded by the annulus.

3. A lifting jack of general doughnut shape,'in

use having the axis of the doughnut horizontal and being provided with tubular tire-like annular walls comprising a rubber air-retaining annulus surrounded by a fabric layer to restrain undue 1 expansion of the jack and a ring between the layers limiting the expansion of the diameter of the jack. H I l 4. A lifting jack of flexible tire-dike form and having its axis horizontal in use, a valve therefor, 

